This research covers an important era of Palestine's history stretching over more than three centuries, from Salahuddin's recapture of Jerusalem in 1187 to the subjection of this country to Ottoman rule in 1516. In addition to the political and administrative changes witnessed in this period, the study touches upon the demographic, religious, confessional and social changes entailed by the economic factors or the military policies. It also probes the economic conditions after the spread of feudalism and the drastic changes in land property. It also sheds a new light on the scientific, cultural, and urban lives. The research is a confirmation of the continuity of the Palestinian Arab history, and a refutation of the basic tenet of Zionist rhetoric that there never rose after the Crusades' Kingdom in Palestine any independent political entity except the State of Israel.